Meningkatkan Efisiensi Pengelolaan Obat di Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan Melalui Metode Pengendalian Persediaan: A Systematic Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33508/jfst.v12i2.7261Keywords:
Pengendalian persediaan, Fasilitas Kesehatan, ABC-VEN, EOQ, ROP, MMSLAbstract
Tantangan pengelolaan obat di fasilitas kesehatan, khususnya di era Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) yang mengharuskan efisiensi lebih besar pada pengelolaan obat. Pengelolaan obat yang kurang optimal sering kali menyebabkan masalah seperti kekosongan atau kelebihan stok, yang dapat merugikan anggaran dan menurunkan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengeksplorasi metode pengendalian persediaan obat yang efektif dan efisien untuk diterapkan di berbagai fasilitas kesehatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode tinjauan sistematis dengan pendekatan PRISMA, menelaah 8 artikel yang terpilih dari total 329 artikel yang ditemukan di basis data Google Scholar dan Garuda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode seperti EOQ, ABC, JIT, MMSL, dan ROP efektif dalam mengendalikan stok obat, dengan menurunkan biaya persediaan, mengurangi frekuensi stock out, serta meningkatkan efisiensi dalam menurunkan nilai persediaan dan meningkatkan ITOR. Kesimpulan dari tinjauan sistematis ini, metode-metode pengendalian persediaan tersebut dapat membantu fasilitas kesehatan dalam meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas pengelolaan obat melalui optimasi jumlah pesanan, waktu pemesanan ulang, serta penentuan item obat yang perlu dikendalikan.
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