The Relationship between mindfulness and speaking self-efficacy among Indonesian postgraduate EFL learners

Abstract

Speaking self-efficacy plays a critical role in determining EFL learners’ willingness to communicate, yet limited research has examined its relationship with mindfulness in the Indonesian postgraduate context. This study examined the relationship between mindfulness and speaking self-efficacy among Indonesian postgraduate EFL learners and identified which mindfulness dimension best predicts speaking confidence. Using a quantitative correlational design, data were collected from 45 participants through the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and the Speaking Self-Efficacy Scale. Results showed medium levels of mindfulness and speaking self-efficacy. Pearson correlation indicated a significant small-to-moderate positive relationship between the two variables (r = .325, p = .029). Multiple regression revealed that only Non-Reactivity to Inner Experience significantly predicted speaking self-efficacy. These findings suggest that emotional regulation is more influential than general awareness in supporting speaking confidence. The study highlights the need for mindfulness-based interventions focused on non-reactivity and recommends future research using longitudinal or experimental designs.