FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH BREASTFEEDING SUCCESS AMONG MOTHERS AT GADING PRIMARY HEALTH CARE, SURABAYA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33508/jwmj.v8i2.8268Keywords:
Breastfeeding mothers, Breastfeeding success, Exclusive breastfeeding, Gading Primary Health Care; social supportAbstract
Background: Breast milk plays a vital role in infant nutrition due to its complete macronutrient content, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and multivitamins. It also contains growth factors and microRNA that support infant growth, as well as immune components such as T and B lymphocytes, macrophages, and IgA that protect infants from infections. However, exclusive breastfeeding coverage in Indonesia remains low, with 21 provinces below the national average. Social support is linked to breastfeeding success, potentially through reducing maternal stress and facilitating the release of oxytocin. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the association of social support and breastfeeding success among mothers at Gading Primary Health Care, Surabaya. Methods: This analytical observational study employed a cross-sectional design and involved 100 mothers with children aged 6–24 months. Participants were selected using consecutive sampling. Perceived social support was assessed using an adapted 19-item Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS) covering emotional, informational, and instrumental dimensions. Breastfeeding success was determined through structured interviews based on the infant’s nutritional patterns and categorized into an ordinal scale (not successful, partially successful, and successful). Data were analyzed using ordinal logistic regression to identify factors associated with breastfeeding success, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The ordinal logistic regression model indicated that all independent variables collectively explained 32.2% of the variance in breastfeeding success (Nagelkerke R2 = 0.322R2) and were statistically significant (p = 0.040). Multivariate analysis revealed that low emotional support was significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of breastfeeding success (estimate = −4.477; p = 0.028). Mothers with elementary school education had a significantly lower probability of breastfeeding success compared to those with junior high school education (estimate = −2.424; p = 0.018). Other dimensions of social support were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Low emotional support and low maternal education are significantly associated with breastfeeding failure or reduced breastfeeding success at Gading Primary Health Care, Surabaya. Recommended interventions include strengthening emotional support from family members, partners, and healthcare providers, as well as targeted educational programs for mothers with lower educational levels.
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